Multislice coronary computed tomographic angiography in emergency department presentations of unsuspected acute myocardial infarction

Background

Coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) is not indicated in the setting of acute myocardial infarction in the emergency department (ED). Nonetheless, acute coronary syndromes may have atypical presentations, and CCTA may be inadvertently performed in this setting.

Objectives

This study was designed to determine the frequency and characteristics of CCTA imaging of unsuspected acute myocardial infarction in the ED.

Methods

All CCTAs performed in the ED at Lenox Hill Hospital were reviewed for clinical indications and subsequent course; patients with documented acute myocardial infarction were identified.

Results

Of the 500 CCTAs performed on ED patients in the Lenox Hill laboratory, 5 patients (1%) were imaged during the initial phase of an unsuspected acute myocardial infarction; in all cases the CCTAs were key to the diagnosis. The imaging characteristics were (1) total or subtotal occlusion and (2) transmural hypodensity in the infarct area.

Conclusion

Although acute myocardial infarction on CCTA in ED patients is an infrequent event, proper and prompt recognition is critical for appropriate patient care, particularly as applications to the ED increase.

Keywords: Acute myocardial infarction, CCTA, Coronary artery disease, Emergency department, Transmural hypodensity