Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography
Volume 4, Issue 3 , Pages 155-163 , May 2010

Computed tomography of pulmonary venous variants and anomalies

  • Prabhakar Rajiah, MBBS, MD, FRCR

      Affiliations

    • Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory, Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author.
  • ,
  • Jeffrey P. Kanne, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA

Received 23 July 2009 ,Accepted 9 January 2010.

References 

  1. Cronin P, Sneider MB, Kazerooni EA, Kelly AM, Scharr C, Oral H, et al. MDCT of the left atrium and pulmonary veins in planning radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation: a how-to-guide. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004;183:767–768
  2. Wood MA, Wittkamp M, Henry D, Martin R, Nixon JV, Shepard RK, et al. A comparison of pulmonary vein ostial anatomy by computerized tomography, echocardiography, and venography in patients with atrial fibrillation, having radiofrequency catheter ablation. Am J Cardiol. 2004;93:49–53
  3. Marom EM, Herndon JE, Kim JH, McAdams PH. Variations in pulmonary venous drainage to the left atrium: implications for radiofrequency ablation. Radiology. 2004;230:824–829
  4. Lacomis JM, Wigginton W, Fuhrman C, Shwartzman D, Armfield DR, Pealer KM. Multi-detector row CT of the left atrium and pulmonary veins before radio-frequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. Radiographics. 2003;23(suppl):S35–S50
  5. Noseworthy PA, Malchano ZJ, Ahmed J, Holmvang G, Ruskin JN, Reddy VY. The impact of respiration on left atrial and pulmonary venous anatomy: implications for image- guided intervention. Heart Rhythm. 2005;2:1173–1178
  6. Yuan XP, Bach D, Skanes A, Drangova M. Assessment of intra and interobserver variability of pulmonary vein measurements from CT angiography. Acad Radiol. 2004;11:1211–1218
  7. Ho SY. Pulmonary vein ablation in atrial fibrillation: Does anatomy matter. J Cardiovas Electrophysiol. 2003;14:156–157
  8. Shah DC, Haissaguerre M, Jais P. Towards a mechanism- based understanding of atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2001;12:600–601
  9. Boyden EA. Segmental anatomy of the lungs; a study of the patterns of segmental bronchi and related pulmonary vessels. New York, NY: McGraw Hill; 1955;
  10. Choi SI, Seo JB, Choi SH, Lee SH, Do KH, Ko SM, et al. Variation of the size of pulmonary venous ostia during the cardiac cycle: optimal reconstruction window at ECG gated multidetector row CT. Eur Radiol. 2005;15:1441–1445
  11. Scharf C, Sneider M, Case I, Chugh A, Lai SW, Pelosi F, et al. Anatomy of the pulmonary veins in patients with atrial fibrillation and effects of segmental ostial ablation analysed by computed tomography. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2003;14:150–155
  12. Tsao HM, Wu MH, Yu WC, Tai CT, Lin YK, Hsieh MH, et al. Role of right middle pulmonary vein in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovas Electrophysiol. 2001;12:1353–1357
  13. Jardin M, Remy E. Segmental bronchovascular anatomy of the lower lobes: CT analysis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1986;147:457–468
  14. Healey JE. An anatomic survey of anomalous pulmonary veins: their clinical significance. J Thorac Surg. 1952;23:433
  15. Ho ML, Bhalla S, Bierhals A, Gutierrez F. MDCT of partial anomalous pulmonary venous return in adults. J Thoac Imaging. 2009;24:89–95
  16. Bechtold SM, Dalla Pozza R, Becker A, Meidert A, Dohlemann C. Schwarz HP: Partial anomalous pulmonary vein connection: an underestimated cardiovascular defect in Ullrich-Turner syndrome. Eur J Pediatr. 2004;163:158–162
  17. Van Praagh S, Carrera ME, Sanders S, Mayer JE, van Praagh R. Partial or total direct pulmonary venous drainage to right atrium due to malposition of septum primum. Anatomic and echocardiographic findings and surgical treatment: a study based on 36 cases. Chest. 1995;107:1488–1498

 Conflict of interest: The authors report no conflicts of interest.

PII: S1934-5925(10)00019-5

doi: 10.1016/j.jcct.2010.01.016

Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography
Volume 4, Issue 3 , Pages 155-163 , May 2010