Abstract
Background
The papillary and trabecular muscles constitute a significant percentage of left ventricular
mass and volume. The influence of the papillary and trabecular muscles on left ventricular
parameters has not been described with multidetector CT angiography.
Objective
The aims of this study are (1) to derive reference values for left ventricular volumetric
parameters both including and excluding the papillary and trabecular muscles and (2)
to establish the optimal segmentation method for measuring these values.
Methods
A total of 179 subjects (mean age, 55.4 ± 9 years; 102 women) without heart disease
and at low risk of cardiovascular disease who underwent CT angiography were selected.
Left ventricular volumes, myocardial volume, and ejection fraction were measured with
epicardial and 2 endocardial trace methods, including and excluding trace for the
papillary and trabecular muscles. Values of all parameters obtained by both endocardial
trace methods were compared.
Results
Significant difference between both trace groups for all parameters on both sexes
was found (P < .001). Significant differences in precision error of remeasurement were found in
the including trace (3.6%) compared with the excluding trace (4.7%; P < .05) and in the epicardial trace (2.2%) compared with both endocardial traces (P < .001).
Conclusion
The left ventricular parameters measured by CT angiography were influenced significantly
by the trace method by including or excluding the papillary and trabecular muscles.
The dual-standard reference values of left ventricular parameters were established,
and the optimal segmentation methods were definite in considering the heart size and
image quality studied with retrospective and prospective CT angiography.
Keywords
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online access
Full access to the journal is a member benefit for SCCT Members, Login via the SCCT website to access all journal content.
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Journal of Cardiovascular Computed TomographyAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Prognostic significance of left ventricular mass change during treatment of hypertension.JAMA. 2004; 292: 2350-2356
- Variables predictive of survival in patients with coronary disease. Selection by univariate and multivariate analyses from the clinical, electrocardiographic, exercise, arteriographic, and quantitative angiographic evaluations.Circulation. 1979; 59: 421-430
- The relative effects of left ventricular hypertrophy, coronary artery disease, and ventricular dysfunction on survival among black adults.JAMA. 1995; 273: 1592-1597
- Determination of left ventricular mass on cardiac computed tomographic angiography.Acad Radiol. 2009; 16: 726-732
- Evaluation of global and regional left ventricular function with 16-slice computed tomography, biplane cineventriculography, and two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography: comparison with magnetic resonance imaging.J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006; 48: 2034-2044
- Quantitative assessment of left ventricular size and function: side-by-side comparison of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography and computed tomography with magnetic resonance reference.Circulation. 2006; 114: 654-661
- Cardiac functional analysis with multi-detector row CT and segmental reconstruction algorithm: comparison with echocardiography, SPECT, and MR imaging.Radiology. 2005; 234: 381-390
- Normal human left and right ventricular dimensions for MRI as assessed by turbo gradient echo and steady-state free precession imaging sequences.J Magn Reson Imaging. 2003; 17: 323-329
- Standardization of m-mode echocardiographic left ventricular anatomic measurements.J Am Coll Cardiol. 1984; 4: 1222-1230
- Left ventricular volume: an optimal parameter to detect systolic dysfunction on prospectively triggered 64-multidetector row computed tomography: another step towards reducing radiation exposure.Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2011; 27: 1015-1023
- Normal human left and right ventricular and left atrial dimensions using steady state free precession magnetic resonance imaging.J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2005; 7: 775-782
- Normal human right and left ventricular mass, systolic function, and gender differences by cine magnetic resonance imaging.J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 1999; 1: 7-21
- Reference values for quantitative left ventricular and left atrial measurements in cardiac computed tomography.Eur Radiol. 2008; 18: 1625-1634
- Changes in cardiovascular risk by reduction of left ventricular mass in hypertension: a meta-analysis.Am J Hypertens. 2003; 16: 895-899
- Effect of endocardial trabeculae on left ventricular measurements and measurement reproducibility at cardiovascular MR imaging.Radiology. 2005; 236: 57-64
- Comparison between manual and semiautomated analysis of left ventricular volume parameters from short-axis MR images.J Comput Assist Tomogr. 1997; 21: 756-765
- Left ventricular papillary muscles and trabeculae are significant determinants of cardiac MRI volumetric measurements: effects on clinical standards in patients with advanced systolic dysfunction.Int J Cardiol. 2008; 126: 359-365
- Accurate automatic papillary muscle identification for quantitative left ventricle mass measurements in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.Acad Radiol. 2008; 15: 1227-1233
- Left ventricular papillary muscle mass: relationship to left ventricular mass and volumes by magnetic resonance imaging.J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2006; 30: 426-432
- Evaluation of left ventricular mass: comparison of ultrafast computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and contrast left ventriculography.Am Heart J. 1993; 126: 1372-1379
- Impact of papillary muscles in ventricular volume and ejection fraction assessment by cardiovascular magnetic resonance.J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2004; 6: 9-16
- MDCT assessment of right ventricular systolic function.AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2006; 186: S366-S370
- MDCT determination of volume and function of the left ventricle: are short-axis image reformations necessary?.AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2006; 186: S371-S378
- Prognostic value of 64-slice cardiac computed tomography severity of coronary artery disease, coronary atherosclerosis, and left ventricular ejection fraction.J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010; 55: 1017-1028
- Automated threshold-based 3D segmentation versus short-axis planimetry for assessment of global left ventricular function with dual-source MDCT.AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008; 190: 308-314
- Measurement of trabeculated left ventricular mass using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of left ventricular non-compaction.Eur Heart J. 2010; 31: 1098-1104
- Relation of subclinical left and right ventricular dysfunctions measured by computed tomography angiography with the severity of coronary artery disease.Coron Artery Dis. 2011; 22: 380-387
- Coronary artery calcium and plaque association with left ventricular mass, assessed by multi-row detector computed tomography.Coron Artery Dis. 2010; 21: 428-434
- Comparison of LV mass and volume measurements derived from electron beam tomography using cine imaging and angiographic imaging.Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2003; 19: 439-445
- Quantification of coronary artery calcium using ultrafast computed tomography.J Am Coll Cardiol. 1990; 15: 827-832
- Noncompressibility of myocardium during systole with freehand three-dimensional echocardiography.J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2002; 15: 1503-1506
- Determination of left ventricular mass by magnetic resonance imaging in hearts deformed by acute infarction.Circulation. 1989; 79: 706-711
- Recommendations for chamber quantification: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography's Guidelines and Standards Committee and the Chamber Quantification Writing Group, developed in conjunction with the European Association of Echocardiography, a branch of the European Society of Cardiology.J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2005; 18: 1440-1463
- Effects of heart rate augmentation on left ventricular volumes and cardiac output of the transplanted human heart.Circulation. 1977; 56: II32-II37
- Automatic Tube Potential Selection with Tube Current Modulation (APSCM) in coronary CT angiography: comparison of image quality and radiation dose with conventional body mass index-based protocol.J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. 2012; 6: 184-190
- Low radiation coronary calcium scoring by dual-source CT with tube current optimization based on patient body size.J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. 2012; 6: 113-120
Article info
Publication history
Published online: August 26, 2013
Accepted:
August 16,
2013
Received in revised form:
February 22,
2013
Received:
September 6,
2012
Footnotes
Conflict of interest: The authors report no conflict of interest.
Identification
Copyright
© 2013 Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
